2023年湖北文理学院《英语写作》专升本考试大纲

　　Topic sentences:

　　A. Families in America face many problems.

　　B. American children suffer a lot from their broken family.

　　C. People realize that problems in family life have brought about serious consequences.

　　D. Divorce rate is high in America.

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　　Part Ⅲ Transitions (15points, 3 points for each one.)

　　Directions: Read the following passages and choose an appropriate transition word or phrase in the numbered blanks.

　　I don’t wish to deny that the flattened, minuscule head of the large-bodied Dinosaurs houses little brain from our perspective, 23 I do wish to assert that we should not expect more of the beast. First of all, large animals have relatively smaller brains than small animals. The correlation of brain size with body size among kindred animals (all reptiles, all mammals, etc) is remarkably regular. 24 we move from small to large animals, from mice to elephants or small lizards to Komodo dragons, brain size increases, but not so fast as body size. 25 , bodies grow faster than brains, and large animals have low ratios of brain weight to body weight. In fact, brains grow only about two-thirds as fast as bodies. 26 we have no reason to believe that large animals are consistently stupider than their smaller relatives, we must conclude that large animals require relatively less brain to do as well as smaller animals. 27 we do not recognize this relationship, we are likely to underestimate the mental power of very large animals, dinosaurs in particular.

　　23. A. and B. but C. so D. to

　　24. A. As B. Since C. Likewise D. If

　　25. A. In other words B. In summary C. On the other hand D. In short

　　26. A. Moreover B. Meanwhile C. Since D. Otherwise

　　27. A. In addition B. If C. Still D. As

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　　Part Ⅳ Complete the passage with a proper sentence (15 points, 3 points for each one.)

　　Directions: There are five blanks in the following passage, and six sentences are provided, of which five sentences are chosen from the passage. Find the sentence and put it back in the original place.

　　Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzing with a brain，and coordination between hands，feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzes through his brain，and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with different parts of his body. 28 Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab，but there is in fact a virtual driver1. This virtual driver has eyes，brains，hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot，you can see the most important part of the automatic driving system: a built-in computer. 29 The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at2, analyzing their position on the road, choosing the right path, and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.

　　In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver's best advantage is that it reacts quickly. 30 However, it takes the world's best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn't include the time he needs to take action.

　　With its rapid reaction and accurate control，the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel3 at any time and in any place? 31 . With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.

　　The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. 32 . This being the case4, people still have high hopes about driverless cars， and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like5.

　　A.Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.

　　B.In the near future，intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.

　　C.This is the brain of the car.

　　D.But how does an intelligent car control itself?

　　E. It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.

　　F.However, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.

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　　Part Ⅴ. Writing (40 points)

　　(1) Directions: Write an outline on the topic “The Importance of Diligence”

　　(10 points)

　　(2) Directions: Write an exposition in NO LESS THAN 200 words based on the outline which you have written. (30 points)

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