2024年河北省专升本考试英语(公共课)考试说明

　　A. to make oneself busy B. to talk on the Internet

　　C. to have face-to-face communication D. to write email

　　14. Why do we need to see a doctor for our loneliness?

　　A. Doctors are most helpful to treat loneliness.

　　B. It takes less time to keep away from loneliness.

　　C. It takes a lot more courage to ask a doctor for help.

　　D. Loneliness is likely to be connected with our physical condition.

　　15. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. Feeling lonely is similar to being alone.

　　B. The causes of our loneliness are easy to find.

　　C. It is necessary to talk with strangers to fight against loneliness.

　　D. Any exercise can be good for your health.

　　Passage 2

　　Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage

　　The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.

　　First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet( 芭蕾) dancer. “I’m an inside guy.” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”

　　On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just very easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气)has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的)cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.

　　Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “Your inner ear thinks you’re falling. Meanwhile, your eyes are telling you that you’re standing straight. That can be annoying 一 that’s why some people feel sick.” Within a couple of days 一 truly terrible days for some 一 astronauts’ brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.

　　Space travel can be delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.

　　16. What is the major challenge to astronaut sleep in space?

　　A. Deciding on a proper sleep position.

　　B. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag.

　　C. Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly.

　　D. Finding a right time to go to sleep.

　　17. The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when

　　A. they circle around on their bikes.

　　B. they use microcomputers without a stop.

　　C. they exercise in one place for a long time.

　　D. they watch a movie while pedaling.

　　18.

　　Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because

　　A. their senses stop working.

　　B. they have to stand up straight.

　　C. they float out of their seats unexpectedly.

　　D. their brains receive contradictory messages.

　　19. One of NASA’s major concerns about astronauts is

　　A. how much exercise they do on the station.

　　B. how they can remain healthy for long in space.

　　C. whether they can recover after returning home.

　　D. whether they are able to go back to the station.

　　20. The tone of the author is .

　　A. objective B. emotional C. subjective D. person

　　Section B (20 points)

　　Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an 21 level. English is no exception. The difference in these two levels is the 22 in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of 23 you find in textbooks, reference books, and in business letters. You would also 24 formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with 25, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends.

　　Formal language is 26 from informal language in several ways. First, formal language tends to be more polite. What we may find 27 is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member, “Close the door, please.” But to a stranger, I 28 would say, “Would you mind closing the door?”

　　Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others are informal. Let’s say that I really 29 soccer. If I’m talking, to my friend, I might say “I’m just crazy about soccer!” But if I were 30 to my boss, I would probably say “I really enjoy soccer.”

　　A. interestingD. probablyG. usageJ. differentM. colleagues

　　B. languageE. useH. talkingK. formalN. difficult

　　C. likeF. collegeI. situationL. playO. informal

　　IV. Cloze (20 points)

　　Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

　　Perhaps because going college is so much a part of the American dream, many people go for no 31 reason. Some go because their parents expect it, others because it’s 32 their friends are doing. Then, there’s the belief that a college degree will 33 ensure a good job and high pay.

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